This agam describes the conduct and behavior of ascetic life and the description of the penance of lord mahavir. Throughout the ages, jainism has been dividedalbeit in small ways. This agam describes nonviolence, jain metaphysics, and the refutation of other religious theories such as kriyavada. The main differences between the shwetambar and the digambar texts occur in four places. The tattvartha sutra of sri umaswami internet archive. It goes by another, somewhat telling name of the mokshashastra, which roughly translates to scripture describing the path of liberation. The principal jain festivals can generally be connected with the five major events in the life of each tirthankara.
Religious texts similar to or like tattvartha sutra. Unique in bringing together classical commentaries from each tradition. Is there any english translation available for tattvartha. Prakamya refers to irresistible will and represents one of the eleven types of extraordinary formchanging vikriya, which itself is a subclass of the eight. It is the first jain scripture written in the sanskrit language.
One special aspect of the jain concept of matter pudgala is that various kinds of energy such as light, heat, sound and, images have been enumerated as transformations of matter. Tattvartha sutra teachings of mahavira scripture to learn all that is jain religion, ethics, philosophy written by acharya umasvati in the second century translated by dr. It can be translated into english as aphorisms on the sense of principles. One of the two major sanskrit epics of ancient india, the other being the ramaya. The tattvartha sutra is a sanskrit text written sometime within the first five centuries ad. The work is of great value for the beginner as well as for the learned. The jain scholars too started writing their religious and other texts in sanskrit. Tattvartha sutra also known as tattvarthadhigama sutra or mokshshastra is a jaina text written byacharya umaswati or umasvami. It is the first text of jains in sutra form and brings entire jain doctrinal system in 350 sutras which are divided into ten chapters. In this context, these words also have meanings at variance with their common meanings.
In brahmin lineage, each family is supposed to have one gotra, and one sutra, meaning that a certain veda is treasured by this family in way of learning by heart. The tattvartha sutra and other similar texts explain that no matter who you are, your goal is to remain kind and caring to your fellow man, and even the wildlife with which you interact on a regular basis. Introduction to tattvartha sutra most of the sacred literature of the jains is written in ardhamagadhi language. However, it is popularly known as the tattvartha sutra. Ancient jain text written by acharya umaswati umaswami, sometime between the 2nd. It is said that there is no jaina doctrine or dogma which is not expressed or implied in these aphorisms k. Jainism introduction yale forum on religion and ecology.
Tattvartha sutra also known as tattvarthadhigama sutra or mokshshastra is a jain text written by vachak umaswati. Literally it means a thread or line that holds things together and is derived from the verbal root siv, meaning to sew 1 these words, including latin suere and english to. Tattvarthasutra, with hindi and english translation. Its meaning is interpreted as the function of souls is to help one another, or souls render. The goal of each follower is to obtain liberation of the soul. A special feature of acharya umasvamis tattvarthsutra is that it is the first jaina scripture written in the sanskrit language. The term tattvartha is composed of the sanskrit words tattva which means reality, truth and artha which means nature, meaning, together. The surviving scriptures of jaina tradition, such as the acaranga sutra exist in sutra format, as is the tattvartha sutra a sanskrit text accepted by all four jainism sects as the most authoritative philosophical text that completely summarizes the foundations of jainism. Tattvartha adhigama sutra manual for knowledge of true nature of things or realities and moksha shastra tenets of salvation. Jain text revered by both svetambaras and digambaras.
It is one of the jain scriptures written in the sanskrit language. The major jain text, tattvartha sutra mentions dasdharma with the meaning of ten righteous virtues. The term tattvartha is composed of the sanskrit words tattva which means reality, truth and artha which means nature, meaning, together meaning nature of reality. That does not alter the overall composition, because the additional sutra relate to the colors and other details of mountains, lakes, rivers, residents and. The tattvartha sutra is regarded as one of the earliest, most authoritative texts in jainism. That which is sacred literature umasvati, nathmal tatia on. That which is, known as the tattvartha sutra to jains, is recognized by all four jaina traditions as the earliest, most authoritative and comprehensive summary of their religion. Commentary on tattvartha sutra samantabhadra 600 a. The tattvartha sutra is regarded as one of the earliest, most authoritative book on jainism, and the only text authoritative in both the digambara and svetambara sects, and its importance in jainism is comparable with that of the brahma sutras and yoga sutras of patanjali in hinduism. Tattvartha sutra is similar to these religious texts. Pref ace a ch a rya umasvami was the chief disciple of acharya kundkund the most revered acharya in the duama division of the present descending cycle of time, whose. Tattvartha sutra also known as tattvarthadhigama sutra or mokshashastra is an ancient jain text written by acharya umaswati umaswami, sometime between the 2nd and 5thcentury ad. It narrates the struggle between two groups of cousins in the kurukshetra war and the fates of the kaurava and the paava princes and their succession. Important days in the jain calendar are called parvan, and on these days religious observances, such as structured periods of fasting and festivals, take place.
Tattvartha sutra also known as tattvarthadhigamasutra or mokshshastra is a jain text written by acharya umaswati. Tattvartha sutra chapter 1 muni shri pranamya sagar ji maharaj duration. The question of the dates of the authors activities and the composition of the tattvarthasutra has given birth to fervent discussions. The full title of the jain scripture known as the tattvarthasutra is tattvarthadhigamasutra. The tattvarthasutra is regarded as his greatest work, but the svetambaras believe that he also wrote another text, the prasamaratiprakara. Tattvartha sutra chapter 5 muni shri pranamya sagar ji. One of the most famous definitions of a sutra in indian literature is itself a sutra and comes from the vayu purana. Tattvartha sutra speaks of epistemological, metaphysical, cosmological, ethical and practical elements in jainism. This is the oldest agam from a linguistic point of view.
Paryushana 2017 is one of the most important festivals of jains, which lasts for about 8 to 10 days. This page is a oneperson effort to make the legendary wisdom of tattvartha sutra available to mass by explaining it in languages widely. Jains are divided into the digambara, the sky clad, and svetambara, the white clad. It is the first jain text in sutra or aphoristic form, and bring almost entire jain doctrinal system in 350 sutras spread over 10 chapters. Each sutra is composed in least possible words and can easily be memorized. The term tattvartha is composed of the sanskrit words tattva things, realities and artha true nature. The first occurs in adhyay chapter three, where sarvarthasiddhi has 21 additional sutras after sutra number 11.
Dharma 7,683 words exact match in snippet view article find links to article and that which is the highest mangala holy. The scriptures, which further enhance or decorate the meaning of angagams are known as chulikasutras. Kg the navkar mantra jai jinendra the jain temple whom do i pray to animals are my friends. Tattvartha sutra is the first such jain text in terse aphoristic form. The list of internal and external austerities in jainism vary with the text and tradition, with tattvartha sutra, uttaradhyayana sutra and bhagavati sutra stating. The above cited work states that a special feature of acharya umasvamis tattvarthsutra is that it is the first jaina scripture written in the sanskrit. The digambara jains recite the ten chapters of the sacred jain text, tattvartha sutra on ten days of fasting.
Tattvartha sutra is an ancient jain text written by acharya umaswami, sometime between the 2nd and 5thcentury ad. Tattvartha sutra also known as tattvarthadhigama sutra or mokshshastra is a jain text written by acharya umaswati, in the second century ad. Ce tattvartha sutra aphorisms on the meaning of the verities described the seven verities tattva that are the basis of the jain worldview. Tattvartha sutra sacred literature trust series umasvati, tatia, nathmal on. Tattvartha sutra chapter 2 muni shri pranamya sagar ji. Tattvartha sutra a must read tattvartha sutra a must read tattvartha sutra also known as tattvarthadhigama sutra or mokshshastra is a.
The term tattvartha is composed of the sanskrit words tattva which means reality, truth and artha. It summarises the entire jain doctrine and remains the basis for jain education to this day. Tattvartha sutra the most important jain scripture is the tattvartha sutra, written in sanskrit in the 2nd century ad. Tattvarthasutra aspects of reality in jainism, through. Tattvartha sutra in english tattvartha sutra also known as tattvarthadhigamasutra or mokshshastra is a jain text written by acharya umaswati, in the second century ad. Tattva means things or realities and artha is true nature. It can be translated into english as aphorisms on the sense of principles aphorisms on the understanding of principles. What is the tattvartha sutra the tattvartha sutra is among the most ancient texts of jainism and one of the foundational texts of the entire jainist faith. One of its sutras, parasparopagraho jivanam is the motto of jainism. The scriptures, which describe independent or miscellaneous subjects of the jain religion, are. These powers can be obtained by the arya civilized people in.